Cara Menambahkan Basemap di QGIS Tanpa Plugin

Cara menambahkan basemap di qgis baik itu bing, google statelit, google map atau yang lainnya bisa dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu tanpa plugin dan dengan menggunakan plugin. Untuk cara yang menggunakan plugin saya pikir banyak orang sudah tahu. Beberapa plugin yang bisa digunakan untuk menambahkan basemap adalah Quick Map Services, Map Tiler dll. Anda bisa mengeceknya langsung melalui menu plugin di qgis dengan mengetikkan kata kunci “basemap”.

Emang apa kelebihannya basemap tanpa plugin dibandingkan dengan menggunakan plugin?

Sebenarnya sama-sama bagus. Hanya saja bagi orang seperti saya, kadang menggunakan plugin adalah pemborosan. Karena terkadang tidak semua fitur diplugin kita gunakan. Oleh karena itu saya lebih suka menggunakan cara manual dibandingkan dengan menggunakan plugin.

Daftar Isi

1 Cara menambahkan basemap di QGIS

1.1 1. Menambahkan url basemap manual

1.2 2. Menambahkan basemap qgis dengan import file xml

1.3 3. Menambahkan basemap melalui python console

Cara menambahkan basemap di QGIS

Ada tiga cara untuk menambahkan basemap QGIS tanpa menggunakan plugin yaitu menambahkan url basemap secara manual, import file xml, dan melalui phyton console.

1. Menambahkan url basemap manual

Silahkan buka qgis
Klik kanan XYZ Tiles > Connection
Akan muncul kotak dialog XYZ Connection. Silahkan isi bagian Name daan URL nya dan klik OK. Misalnya saya akan menambahkan Basemap Bing Aerial maka penampakannya akan seperti ini.
Akan muncul layer Bing Aerial d bawah XYZ Tiles. Untuk menampilkan basemapnya klik dua kali pada layer bing aerial tersebut.

Berikut daftar lengkap url basemap yang bisa digunakan di QGIS:

Bing Aerial

http://ecn.t3.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{q}.jpeg?g=1

Google Satelite

https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=s&amp;x={x}&amp;y={y}&amp;z={z}

Google earth

https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=s&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D

Google maps

https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D

Google terrain

https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=t&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D

OpenStreetMap

https://tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png

OpenTopoMap

https://tile.opentopomap.org/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png

2. Menambahkan basemap qgis dengan import file xml

Cara ini bisa dilakukan jika Anda mempunyai file xmlnya. Jika belum, silahkan buat terlebih dahulu. Formatnya adalah seperti ini:

Namun jangan khawatir, pada artikel ini saya sudah menyediakannya. Jadi Anda hanya perlu mengimpor file xml tersebut ke qgis. Silahkan download terlebih dahulu Tiles bisemap xml, kemudian ikuti langkah-langkah berikut:

Klik kanan XYZ Tiles > Load Connection
Cari file xml nya kemudian klik Open.
Akan tampil kotak dialog Manage Connection, klik Select All > Import.
Selesai, sekarang beberapa pilihan basemap sudah tampil di QGIS.

3. Menambahkan basemap melalui python console

Salah satu kelebihan qgis selain gratis adalah tersedia fitur python console yang membuat kita bebas mengeksekusi perintah python. Buat yang paham phyton tentu ini adalah fitur yang menarik, karena kita bisa mengembangkan fitur tambahan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan sendiri. Termasuk metode menambahkan basemap di qgis ini.

Script phyton yang saya berikan disini adalah buatan dari Klas Karlsson (https://qms.nextgis.com/). Terimakasih telah membuat dan membagikan kode ini. Anda juga bisa menambahkan atau menghapus sendiri beberapa url basemap yang tidak dibutuhkan. Silahkan edit scriptnya sesuka hati.

Langsung saja ikuti langkah-langkah berikut untuk menambahkan basemap di qgis melalui python console.

Buka QGIS > tekan CTRL+ALT+P secara bersamaan.
Akan tampil pyhtone console, kemudian copy kode berikut.

# Sources
sources = []
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Google Maps","","","","https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=m&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D","","19","0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Google Satellite", "", "", "", "https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=s&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Google Terrain", "", "", "", "https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=t&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Google Terrain Hybrid", "", "", "", "https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=p&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Google Satellite Hybrid", "", "", "", "https://mt1.google.com/vt/lyrs=y&x=%7Bx%7D&y=%7By%7D&z=%7Bz%7D", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Stamen Terrain", "", "", "Map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL", "http://tile.stamen.com/terrain/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Stamen Toner", "", "", "Map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL", "http://tile.stamen.com/toner/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Stamen Toner Light", "", "", "Map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL", "http://tile.stamen.com/toner-lite/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Stamen Watercolor", "", "", "Map tiles by Stamen Design, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL", "http://tile.stamen.com/watercolor/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.jpg", "", "18", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Wikimedia Map", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "https://maps.wikimedia.org/osm-intl/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "20", "1"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Wikimedia Hike Bike Map", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "http://tiles.wmflabs.org/hikebike/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "17", "1"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Boundaries Places", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Reference/World_Boundaries_and_Places/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Gray (dark)", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Canvas/World_Dark_Gray_Base/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "16", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Gray (light)", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Canvas/World_Light_Gray_Base/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "16", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri National Geographic", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/NatGeo_World_Map/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "12", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Ocean", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "https://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Ocean/World_Ocean_Base/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "10", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Satellite", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Imagery/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "17", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Standard", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Street_Map/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "17", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Terrain", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Terrain_Base/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "13", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Transportation", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "https://server.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Reference/World_Transportation/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Esri Topo World", "", "", "Requires ArcGIS Onlinesubscription", "http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/World_Topo_Map/MapServer/tile/%7Bz%7D/%7By%7D/%7Bx%7D", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","OpenStreetMap Standard", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "http://tile.openstreetmap.org/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","OpenStreetMap H.O.T.", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "http://tile.openstreetmap.fr/hot/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","OpenStreetMap Monochrome", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "http://tiles.wmflabs.org/bw-mapnik/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","OpenTopoMap", "", "", "Kartendaten: © OpenStreetMap-Mitwirkende, SRTM | Kartendarstellung: © OpenTopoMap (CC-BY-SA)", "https://tile.opentopomap.org/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "17", "1"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Strava All", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "https://heatmap-external-b.strava.com/tiles/all/bluered/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "15", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Strava Run", "", "", "OpenStreetMap contributors, under ODbL", "https://heatmap-external-b.strava.com/tiles/run/bluered/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png?v=19", "", "15", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Open Weather Map Temperature", "", "", "Map tiles by OpenWeatherMap, under CC BY-SA 4.0", "http://tile.openweathermap.org/map/temp_new/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png?APPID=1c3e4ef8e25596946ee1f3846b53218a", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Open Weather Map Clouds", "", "", "Map tiles by OpenWeatherMap, under CC BY-SA 4.0", "http://tile.openweathermap.org/map/clouds_new/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png?APPID=ef3c5137f6c31db50c4c6f1ce4e7e9dd", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Open Weather Map Wind Speed", "", "", "Map tiles by OpenWeatherMap, under CC BY-SA 4.0", "http://tile.openweathermap.org/map/wind_new/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png?APPID=f9d0069aa69438d52276ae25c1ee9893", "", "19", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","CartoDb Dark Matter", "", "", "Map tiles by CartoDB, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL.", "http://basemaps.cartocdn.com/dark_all/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","CartoDb Positron", "", "", "Map tiles by CartoDB, under CC BY 3.0. Data by OpenStreetMap, under ODbL.", "http://basemaps.cartocdn.com/light_all/%7Bz%7D/%7Bx%7D/%7By%7D.png", "", "20", "0"])
sources.append(["connections-xyz","Bing VirtualEarth", "", "", "", "http://ecn.t3.tiles.virtualearth.net/tiles/a{q}.jpeg?g=1", "", "19", "1"])


# Add sources to browser
for source in sources:
   connectionType = source[0]
   connectionName = source[1]
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/authcfg" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[2])
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/password" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[3])
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/referer" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[4])
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/url" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[5])
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/username" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[6])
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/zmax" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[7])
   QSettings().setValue("qgis/%s/%s/zmin" % (connectionType, connectionName), source[8])

# Update GUI
iface.reloadConnections()

Pastekan ke python console (lihat gambar)

menambahkan basemap qgis melalui python console

Silahkan tunggu hingga muncul perintah iface.reloadConnections() dan kemudian enter.
Selesai.

Saya juga menyediakan video panduannya jika Anda mengalami kesulitan mengikuti langkah-langkah di atas. Berikut video panduan tentang cara menambahkan basemap di qgis tanpa menggunakan plugin: